SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense is used to express
regular action or events, facts, daily activities and general truth.
Examples :
·
I live in New York.
·
The moon goes round the Earth.
·
John drives a taxi everyday.
·
He doesn’t drive a bus.
·
We don’t work at night.
·
Do you play football ?
(+)
Subject+ V1(s/es)+Object/Complement
(-)
Subject +do/does+V1+Object/Complement
(?)
Do/Does+S+V1+Object/Complement?
(-?)
Do/Does+not+S+V1+Object/Complement?
Note : for third person singular (she, he, it)
infinitive verb + s/es.
Exceptions when adding 's' :
- For can, may, might, must, don’t add “s”.
Example: he can, she may, it must
- After o, ch, sh or s, add “es”.
Example: do - he does, wash - she washes
- After a consonant, the final consonant y becomes “ie”. (but: not after a vowel)
Example: worry - he worries
but: play - he plays
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The form of verb in
nominal sentence is “TO BE (is, am, are)”
(+)
Isabel is a lawyer.
(-)
Isabel isn’t a lawyer.
(?)
Is Isabel a lawyer ?
(-?)
Is Isabel not a lawyer ?
![*](file:///C:\Users\RAMADH~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.gif)
The form of predicate in
verbal sentence is “VERB”.
(+)
Stevens studies every night.
(-)
Stevens doesn’t study every night.
(?)
Does Stevens study every night ?
(-?)
Does Stevens not study every night ?
Simple
Present Continuous Tense
Simple present continuous is used to express
action which is happening now and action in the future.
Examples :
·
I am living with my sister until I find an apartment.
·
We are eating in a restaurant tonight. We’ve already booked the table.
(+)
Subject+To be (is, am, are)+Ving+Object/Complement
(-)
Subject+To be (is, am, are)+not+Ving+Object/Complement
(?)
To be (is, am, are)+Subject+Ving+Object/Complement?
(-?) To be (is,
am, are)+not+Subject+Ving+Object/Complement?
Examples :
(+)
Clarissa is planting flowers in the backyard now.
(-)
Clarissa is not planting flowers in the backyard now.
(?)
Is Clarissa planting flowers in the backyard now?
(-?)
Is Clarissa not planting flowers in the backyard now?
Exceptions when adding 'ing' :
- Silent e is dropped. (but: does not apply for -ee)
Example: come - coming
but: agree - agreeing
but: agree - agreeing
- After a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled.
Example: sit - sitting
- After a vowel, the final consonant l is doubled in British English (but not in American English).
Example: travel - travelling (British English)
but: traveling (American English)
but: traveling (American English)
- Final ie becomes y.
Example: lie - lying
sources :
Krishna, Nien.2012. Hafalan Praktis 16 Tenses Sistem 16 Jam.
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